Our planet is full of wonders, out of these Volcanos are one such wonders that are terrifying and interesting as well. There are approximately 1500 volcanos around the world that have the potential to be active. The volcano can be active or dormant or may be extinct which means they have never erupted in history. In India, there are six volcanos but the active and significant one is Barren island which is in Andaman and Nicobar Islands. Based on the researches at the Goa-based National Institute of Oceanography (NIO), Barren Island in the Andaman sea had remained dormant for 150 years before it started showing activity in 1991.

Barren Island is an uninhabited possession of India in the Andaman Sea. The facts presented that few eruptions occurred during 1787-1832, after that, there was no further evidence of eruption noticed until 1991. Later, from 2005, similar eruptions occurred intermittently that lasted for months to years. The location of the volcano is very remote so ground observation is rare. As per Darwin VAAC (Volcanic Ash Advisory Center), in September 2018, an eruption began with lava fountaining, lava, and ash emissions that continued till early 2019. More activity was noticed from July 2020-February 2021 when ash emission and ash clouds eruption was noticed this year.

The island is located in the Andaman Sea about 135 km northeast of Port Blair, is about 3 km in diameter. It has a 2 km wide caldera with walls 250-350, high and it is open to the sea on the west. The caldera was created by the explosive eruption in the late Pleistocene that produced surge deposits. The morphology of the pyroclastic cone suggests that the center of the caldera has varied during various eruptions.

Other than Barren island volcano, there are six more volcanos in India, Here is the list:

Deccan Traps: Sprawled over an area of around 500,000 square km, they are located on the Deccan plateau. They are one of the largest volcanic provinces in the world.

Baratang Island: It is located just 150 km away from Port Blair. It is known for its natural beauty and a hidden mud volcano. Unlike actual volcanos that release lava and gases, they are formed by the eruption of mud slurries, water, and gases.

Narcondam island: It is the second tallest point in the Andaman and Nicobar islands. The Island covers a small area of about 6.8 square kilometers and the volcano is classified as dormant by the Geographical Survey of India.

Dhinodhar Hill: It is located near Nani Aral village in Nakhatrana Taluka, Kutch District, Gujrat. This is an extinct volcano, erupted more than 500 million years ago. It is the most famous trekking spot in India.

Tosham Hills:  It is located in the Northwest or Alwar region in Haryana, with an average elevation of 207 meters. It is an extinct volcano, erupted sometime 732 million years before the present Dhosi hills: It is an extinct volcano that still has craters and lava in its surroundings located on the Haryana, Rajasthan border in the Mahendragarh district of Haryana.